21 • Improving the quality of life in emerging economies requires tremendous growth of energy available to developing nations. For energy prosperity in the Global South to reach 50% of the level of the Global North requires an additional 18,000 TWh of electricity, or 60% the size of the global power system today. • Meeting a net zero ambition will require a tremendous amount of additional power as the world shifts towards higher electrification rates (~ 50%). Large-scale electrification of Industrial heat alongside the production of the green fuels and carbon capture plants to meet the global net zero ambition could also require as much power as the size of the global power system today. • Continued rapid adoption of AI – particularly through large scale adoption of robotics and autonomous machines – could make the total potential needs for this sector another 50% of the global power system today, if efficiency improvements do not keep up with the growth in data needs. Figure 7 Unattributed quote 2024 Growth 2024-2050 2050 Base Case Net Zero Ambition Global South Acceleration Transformational AI & Robotics growth 2050 - High Case Power Demand - High Case ‘000 TWh 2x 4x • Large scale electrification of industrial heat • Large scale use of green fuels for heavy transport, aviation and shipping • Hydrogen carriers and CCUS Global South demand grows to 3.3MWh/ capita (vs 13 MWh/capita in Global North) AI power demand continues to double every five years till 2050 despite efficiency as autonomy and robotics demand grows AI is both a major new load and a major new lever. Data centers use 1.5% of global electricity today and could more than double by 2030 — the same amount that could be supplied if we simply captured the gas we flare. Policy and permitting must catch up.