“ AI is redefining what’s possible for the energy sector by unlocking new efficiencies and optimisations. But its promise can only be realised through informed policy, smart investment, and deep collaboration across the energy and technology industries. Done right, AI can be an enabler of a more secure, innovative and sustainable energy future.” Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director, IEA Key Shifts from 2024 to 2025 • Feedback highlights stalled AI projects due to regulatory mismatches - e.g., market rules ignoring AI-enabled demand response. • Some governments are piloting “regulatory sandboxes” and data- transparency rules to better accommodate AI, signaling early steps to address these gaps. Watch For in 2026 • First “AI-ready” regulatory frameworks integrating data access, cyber resilience, and AI market participation. • The emergence of “AI-ready” regulatory frameworks covering security, data, and integration. 29 Powering Possible 2025