Aviation presents one of the most complex decarbonization challenges. Unlike power generation or road transport, it has no near-term alternative to liquid hydrocarbon fuels and the supply of lower-carbon aviation fuels continues to lag behind industry ambition. These factors are not reasons for inaction, but they demand a realistic assessment of what decarbonization in this sector requires. As an energy company with deep capabilities across the liquid fuels value chain, ADNOC is committed to supporting aviation’s decarbonization through solutions that are technically credible, commercially viable and scalable. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) offers a meaningful lifecycle emissions reduction and represents the sector’s long-term direction, while lower-carbon aviation fuel (LCAF) provides an immediate pathway to reduce carbon intensity across existing supply chains. Both of these complementary solutions have a role to play. In 2024, a feasibility study confirmed ADNOC Refining’s readiness to produce LCAF in alignment with the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) certification framework. The milestone established the technical and commercial foundation for near-term production through existing refining and distribution infrastructure. ADNOC Trading and ADNOC Refining recently announced a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to leverage flexible bio-feedstocks alongside ADNOC Refining’s integrated refining and global trading capabilities to advance SAF supply development. Both steps build on ADNOC Refining’s standing as the first entity in the Middle East to receive International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) certification for SAF produced from used cooking oil, an established market access credential for regulated aviation fuel markets. Our approach is guided by pragmatism and a recognition that progress in aviation decarbonization will require sustained collaboration across the value chain, from feedstock sourcing and fuel production to certification and offtake. Enabling aviation decarbonization Driving collective action on industry decarbonization Decarbonizing the oil and gas sector requires coordinated action beyond any one company’s operations. We engage actively with industry peers, multilateral bodies and technology partners to shape shared solutions, raise sector-wide ambition and accelerate the transition to lower-carbon production across the value chain. Oil and Gas Decarbonization Charter As a founding signatory of the Oil and Gas Decarbonization Charter (OGDC), ADNOC operates within a collective industry framework of 55 companies that together represent approximately 40% of global oil production. The charter sets shared ambitions to achieve net zero operations by 2050 and, zero routine flaring and near-zero methane emissions by 2030. As the charter moves from ambition to implementation, the focus shifts to translating these collective aims to verifiable operational progress. Global Flaring and Methane Reduction Partnership Through the UAE’s founding membership in the World Bank’s Global Flaring and Methane Reduction Partnership (GFMR), ADNOC provides technical and strategic input to one of the more substantive multilateral mechanisms for addressing flaring and methane at scale. The fund’s expanding program includes regulatory capacity building and mobilization of private sector investment across multiple geographies. Advancing methane action At ADIPEC 2025, we convened the third Advancing Towards Zero Methane Forum in partnership with the OGDC, IOGP, OGMP 2.0 and GFMR. The event brought together national oil companies (NOCs), financial institutions and technology providers to advance dialogue on progress of methane action, abatement pathways, verification standards and financing mechanisms. 57 ADNOC Sustainability R eport 2025 ADVANCING NET ZERO KEEPING OUR PEOPLE SAFE EMPOWERING LIVES HOW WE OPERATE SUSTAINABILITY AT ADNOC ABOUT ADNOC PROTECTING NATURE AND BIODIVERSITY