The energy system of the future and AI AI can play a valuable role at all three levels, as its capabilities become more refined and barriers to implementation are overcome. For the world to deliver a just, orderly, and equitable energy transformation, the energy system of the future will need to look very different than it does today. It will need to be fundamentally transformed on three levels (see Figure 13 overleaf). At the systems level, energy must become more electric, distributed, and variable in both supply and demand. At the operational level, energy must become more efficient, resilient, and supported by sufficient and robust infrastructure. And at the global level, the Global South will need to play a far greater role, as it is expected to be responsible for nearly 80% of the new electricity demand between now and 2050.72 Anima Anandkumar Bren Professor of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Caltech “ AI is transforming our understanding of the physical world, and it will have a transformative impact on how science and engineering are done.” 46 Powering Possible 45